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中美贸易战 美国贸易代表罗伯特·莱特希泽关于「301条款行动」的声明

专利代理 发布时间：2021-03-17 11:23:00 浏览: 次


罗伯特莱特希泽关于301条款行动的声明
 

中美贸易战愈演愈烈，华盛顿特区，美国贸易代表罗伯特·莱特希泽就基于《1974年贸易法》第301条款采取的行动发表了如下声明：
 
“上周五，为应对中国的不公平做法，美国开始对从中国进口的价值约340亿美元的商品征收25％的关税。随着法律程序的完成，这些关税最终将涵盖价值最高可达500亿美元的中国进口商品。关税针对的是那些从中国的产业政策和强制技术转让做法中受益的产品。
 
“中国随即对美国予以报复，对美国向中国出口的340亿美元商品征收关税，并威胁另对160亿美元的商品征收关税。其行动并无任何国际法律依据或正当理由。
 
“由于中国采取了报复行动且并未改变其做法，总统已下令美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）启动程序，对另外2000亿美元中国进口商品征收10％的关税。这是在301条款授权下的恰当回应，以便实现消除中国有害的产业政策。最终征收关税之前，USTR将进行透明、全面的公示和意见征询程序— 一如我们之前的关税措施。
 
“2017年8月14日，特朗普总统指示USTR启动301条款程序。多年以来，中国在知识财产和创新方面一直采取不讲理的贸易做法。USTR进行了为期八个月的彻底调查，包括公开听证和意见征询。在一份200页长的详尽报告 中，USTR发现中国一直在采取导致知识产权和技术转移、盗窃的产业政策，有损我们的经济和我们的工人与企业的未来。
 
“USTR的301条款报告发现，中国的政策和做法强迫美国的创新者转移其技术和知识，以此为代价在中国开展经营。中国还利用非经济手段来获得美国技术，如通过国有基金和公司来大肆收购美国公司，并在中国实行繁琐的知识财产许可要求。USTR的报告还发现，中国政府对为了商业利益公然窃取美国技术的行为进行资助。这些做法对于我们的知识财产和技术—即美国最重要的比较优势和我们经济的未来—而言，是个生存的威胁。
 
“一年多以来，特朗普政府一直耐心地敦促中国停止其不公平的做法，开放市场，进行真正的市场竞争。在中国应做出何种具体改变方面，我们已经非常明确而详尽。遗憾的是，中国并未改变其行为—这种行为将美国经济的未来置于危险境地。中国非但没有着手解决我们的合理担忧，反而已经开始对美国产品施以报复。这种行动没有正当理由。
 
“与以往一样，美国愿意参与有可能解决我们关于中国不公平贸易做法的担忧并使中国向美国商品和服务开放其市场的努力。同时，我们仍将保持警惕，捍卫我们的工人和企业在公平对等的基础上竞争的能力。”
 
公告和意见征询期的拟议清单和程序见《联邦纪事》公告，公告近几天内即会发布。
 

 
Statement By U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer on Section 301 Action
 
Washington, DC – U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer today released the following statement regarding action under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974:
 
“On Friday, in response to unfair Chinese practices, the United States began imposing tariffs of 25 percent on approximately $34 billion worth of Chinese imports.  These tariffs will eventually cover up to $50 billion in Chinese imports as legal processes conclude.  The products targeted by the tariffs are those that benefit from China’s industrial policy and forced technology transfer practices.
 
“China has since retaliated against the United States by imposing tariffs on $34 billion in U.S. exports to China, and threatening tariffs on another $16 billion.  It did this without any international legal basis or justification.
 
“As a result of China’s retaliation and failure to change its practices, the President has ordered USTR to begin the process of imposing tariffs of 10 percent on an additional $200 billion of Chinese imports. This is an appropriate response under the authority of Section 301 to obtain the elimination of China’s harmful industrial policies. USTR will proceed with a transparent and comprehensive public notice and comment process prior to the imposition of final tariffs, as we have for previous tariffs.
 
“On August 14, 2017, President Trump instructed USTR to begin the Section 301 process.  For many years, China has pursued abusive trading practices with regard to intellectual property and innovation.  USTR conducted a thorough investigation over an 8-month period, including public hearings and submissions.  In a detailed 200-page report, USTR found that China has been engaging in industrial policy which has resulted in the transfer and theft of intellectual property and technology to the detriment of our economy and the future of our workers and businesses.
 
“USTR’s Section 301 report found that Chinese policies and practices force U.S. innovators to hand over their technology and know-how as the price of doing business in China.  China also uses non-economic means to obtain U.S. technology, such as using state-owned funds and companies to buy up American businesses and imposing burdensome intellectual property licensing requirements in China.  USTR’s report also found that the Chinese government sponsors the outright theft of U.S. technology for commercial benefit.  These practices are an existential threat to America’s most critical comparative advantage and the future of our economy: our intellectual property and technology.
 
“For over a year, the Trump Administration has patiently urged China to stop its unfair practices, open its market, and engage in true market competition.  We have been very clear and detailed regarding the specific changes China should undertake.  Unfortunately, China has not changed its behavior – behavior that puts the future of the U.S. economy at risk. Rather than address our legitimate concerns, China has begun to retaliate against U.S. products.  There is no justification for such action.
 
“As in the past, the United States is willing to engage in efforts that could lead to a resolution of our concerns about China’s unfair trade practices and to China opening its market to U.S. goods and services.  In the meantime, we will remain vigilant in defending the ability of our workers and businesses to compete on a fair and reciprocal basis.”
 
The proposed list and process for the public notice and comment period is set out in a Federal Register notice, which will be published within the next few days.  To view the notice, including the list of proposed tariffs on $200 billion of Chinese imports, click here.


 


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